EV-Auth: Lightweight Authentication Protocol Suite for Dynamic Charging System of Electric Vehicles with Seamless Handover

Electric vehicle adoption has accelerated globally, necessitating the development of an efficient charging technology. Static and partially dynamic charging are currently in use, but such types of charging reduce vehicles' ability to stand charge, contributing to range anxiety. Dynamic charging of electric vehicles will be a promising technology in the near future, allowing an electric vehicle to charge by itself while in motion. However, assessing the security risks before enabling dynamic charging is mandatory, with authentication being a necessary step. Hence, a protocol suite EV-Auth is proposed for communicating entities in a dynamic charging system capable of mutual authentication and session key computation. To achieve practical capabilities, EV-Auth is built using lightweight cryptographic primitives. Additionally, it includes a unique feature known as seamless electric vehicle handover. The security of the proposed protocol suite is assessed both informally and formally using random oracle model and scyther tool. The performance analysis demonstrates that the proposed protocol suite satisfies the communication and computation time requirements.