Direct Shear Test Simulations Using DEM

This paper provides insights into a series of two-dimensional numerical simulations of the direct shear test using the distinct element method (DEM). The DEM simulations were performed with different inter-particle friction coefficients maintaining the constant normal stress conditions to explore the stress-strain relationships. The microscopic characteristics of the DEM samples and the steady-state properties within the shear band were analysed. From the analysis of results, it can be concluded that the peak stress ratio occurs at a very small global shear strain of approximately 1.5% and it reaches steady state with a relatively larger strain of about 15%. The steady-state and peak friction angles increased with an increase in inter-particle friction coefficient. In addition, all the simulations reported in this paper yielded coordination numbers over 3, indicating structurally stable granular assemblies during any stage.