Surrogate model-based heat dissipation optimization of air-cooling battery packs involving herringbone fins

For lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) used in electric vehicles (EVs), their performance is greatly affected by temperature. To ensure the safety and reliability of EVs, a reliable and efficient battery thermal management system (BTMS) is essential. This paper mainly analyzes air cooling BTMS. First, we propose an air-cooling heat dissipation method for battery modules with herringbone fins and long sleeves, and prove the effectiveness of the program by comparing it with the finless and sleeveless schemes. Second, parametric modeling of the scheme is carried out, the response surface methodology (RSM), radial basis function (RBF), and Kriging surrogate model of the scheme are constructed through design experiments. Then, the Kriging model is determined by the model evaluation index to be well adapted to the problem. We build a multi-objective optimization model (MOOM) and optimize it by multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA). Finally, it is found that the maximum temperature (T_max) and the maximum temperature difference (ΔT_max) decrease by 1.5 K and 36.79% without considering the cooling cost. When considering the cooling cost, T_max and ΔT_max dropped by 0.69 K and 17.92%, respectively. The optimization result improves the heat dissipation effect of the battery module and controls the cooling cost within the required range. Besides, optimization analysis can be carried out according to different actual cost requirements, which provide corresponding guidance for large-scale air-cooling heat dissipation analysis of LIBs.