TY - JOUR
T1 - Role of exosomal ncRNAs released by M2 macrophages in tumor progression of gastrointestinal cancers
AU - Meyiah, Abdo
AU - Alahdal, Murad
AU - Elkord, Eyad
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Author(s)
PY - 2023/4/21
Y1 - 2023/4/21
N2 - Macrophages (MΦs) type 2 (M2) play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal cancers (GIC) by enhancing tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. Polarized M2 has been linked to the increase of GIC tumorigenesis and drug resistance. Several studies reported that M2-derived exosomal non-coding RNAs (Exos-ncRNAs) play pivotal roles in the modulation of the GIC tumor microenvironment (TME) and mostly promote drug resistance and immunosuppression. The impact of M2-Exos-ncRNAs is attributed to altered signaling pathways, enhancement of immunoregulatory mechanisms, and post-transcriptional modulation. Recent studies described novel targets in M2-TAMs-derived Exos-ncRNAs and potential promising clinical outcomes such as inhibiting tumor formation, invasion, and metastasis. Highlighting current knowledge of M2-Exos-ncRNAs involved in GIC pathogenesis and immunomodulation would thus be a significant contribution to improving clinical outcomes. In this review, we summarize recent updates on the role of M2-TAMs-Exos-ncRNAs in GIC pathogenesis, immunosuppression, and drug resistance. A deep understanding of M2-TAMs-derived Exos-ncRNAs could help to identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
AB - Macrophages (MΦs) type 2 (M2) play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal cancers (GIC) by enhancing tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. Polarized M2 has been linked to the increase of GIC tumorigenesis and drug resistance. Several studies reported that M2-derived exosomal non-coding RNAs (Exos-ncRNAs) play pivotal roles in the modulation of the GIC tumor microenvironment (TME) and mostly promote drug resistance and immunosuppression. The impact of M2-Exos-ncRNAs is attributed to altered signaling pathways, enhancement of immunoregulatory mechanisms, and post-transcriptional modulation. Recent studies described novel targets in M2-TAMs-derived Exos-ncRNAs and potential promising clinical outcomes such as inhibiting tumor formation, invasion, and metastasis. Highlighting current knowledge of M2-Exos-ncRNAs involved in GIC pathogenesis and immunomodulation would thus be a significant contribution to improving clinical outcomes. In this review, we summarize recent updates on the role of M2-TAMs-Exos-ncRNAs in GIC pathogenesis, immunosuppression, and drug resistance. A deep understanding of M2-TAMs-derived Exos-ncRNAs could help to identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
KW - Cancer
KW - Immunology
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85150057344&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106333
DO - 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106333
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85150057344
SN - 2589-0042
VL - 26
JO - iScience
JF - iScience
IS - 4
M1 - 106333
ER -
