TY - JOUR
T1 - How was the weekend? How the social context underlies weekend effects in happiness and other emotions for US workers
AU - Helliwell, John F.
AU - Wang, Shun
N1 - Funding Information:
The Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, through its Social Interactions, Identity and Well-being program, which JFH directs, supports the broad program of research that includes this paper. SW gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Korea Development Institute (KDI) School of Public Policy and Management. The funders have no role in study design, data collection, and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. We thank the Gallup Organization for access to data from the Gallup/Healthways US Daily Poll. The Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, through its Social Interactions, Identity and Well-being program, which JFH directs, supports the broad program of research that includes this paper. SW gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Korea Development Institute (KDI) School of Public Policy and Management. The funders have no role in study design, data collection, and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
©2015 Helliwell, Wang.This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PY - 2015/12/1
Y1 - 2015/12/1
N2 - In this paper we estimate the size of weekend effects for seven emotions and then explore their main determinants for the working population in the United States, using the Gallup/ Healthways US Daily Poll 2008-2012. We first find that weekend effects exist for all emotions, and that these effects are not explained by sample selection bias. Full-time workers have larger weekend effects than do part-time workers. We then explore the sources of weekend effects and find that workplace trust and workplace social relations, combined with differences in social time spent with family and friends, together almost fully explain the weekend effects for happiness, laughter, enjoyment and sadness, for both full-time and part-time workers, with significant but smaller proportions explained for the remaining three emotions-worry, anger and stress. Finally, we show that workplace trust and social relations significantly improve emotions and life evaluations on both weekends and weekdays for all workers.
AB - In this paper we estimate the size of weekend effects for seven emotions and then explore their main determinants for the working population in the United States, using the Gallup/ Healthways US Daily Poll 2008-2012. We first find that weekend effects exist for all emotions, and that these effects are not explained by sample selection bias. Full-time workers have larger weekend effects than do part-time workers. We then explore the sources of weekend effects and find that workplace trust and workplace social relations, combined with differences in social time spent with family and friends, together almost fully explain the weekend effects for happiness, laughter, enjoyment and sadness, for both full-time and part-time workers, with significant but smaller proportions explained for the remaining three emotions-worry, anger and stress. Finally, we show that workplace trust and social relations significantly improve emotions and life evaluations on both weekends and weekdays for all workers.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84956919623&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0145123
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0145123
M3 - Article
C2 - 26699709
AN - SCOPUS:84956919623
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 10
JO - PLoS ONE
JF - PLoS ONE
IS - 12
M1 - e0145123
ER -