ZNF804A intronic variant rs1344706 and NGRN rs12807809 genetic polymorphisms and risk of schizophrenia in Bangladesh

Background: Genetic polymorphism exerts an undeniable impact on schizophrenia (SCZ) pathogenesis. Two polymorphisms, including rs1344806 of ZNF804A and rs12807809 of NRGN gene have been identified as susceptible candidates bearing the risk of SCZ. The target of this experimental study is to investigate the role of these polymorphisms with SCZ in native Bangladeshi people. Methods: For this study, 220 schizophrenic patients and 204 non-schizophrenic controls were recruited to perform this investigation. For genotyping, tetra-primer ARMS-PCR technique was applied. The Agarose gel electrophoresis system visualized the final genomic products of the desired size. Results: From the genotypic analysis of ZNF804A rs1344706 polymorphism, it was revealed that the minor allele frequency was noticeably increased in the patients than in the healthy population (42.27% vs. 29.17%). Five genetic models showed significantly increased risk of SCZ, including codominant model 1 (1.56-times), codominant model 2 (3.02-times), dominant model (1.86-times), recessive model (2.43-times), and allele model (1.78-times) (p < 0.05). The over-dominant model also had 1.18 times higher risk for SCZ, although the result could not meet the significance level (p > 0.05). Genotyping of rs12807809 unveiled the presence of a comparatively higher genotypic frequency of the minor allele among the patients than in controls (39.09% vs. 17.65%). Every genetic model under investigation showed significantly increased risk for SCZ– codominant model 1 (2.85-times), codominant model 2 (6.45-times), dominant model (3.44-times), recessive model (4.31-times), over-dominant model (2.10-times), and allele model (3.00-times) (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This experimental study concluded that rs1344806 of ZNF804A and rs12807809 of NRGN SNPs are significantly associated with SCZ in the Bangladeshi population.