TY - JOUR
T1 - Impact of sex differences and gender specificity on behavioral characteristics and pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders
AU - Ullah, Mohammad Fahad
AU - Ahmad, Aamir
AU - Bhat, Showket Hussain
AU - Abu-Duhier, Faisel M.
AU - Barreto, George E.
AU - Ashraf, Ghulam Md
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2019/7
Y1 - 2019/7
N2 - The impact of neurodegenerative disorders in humans has multiple consequences because of the progressive decline in cognitive and physical performances. These disorders have diverse manifestations and are influenced by genetic and lifestyle factors, concurrent health conditions as well as un-modifiable predisposing risk factors, including gender and advanced age. Accumulating evidence indicates a gender-dependent natural bias of neurodegenerative diseases, such as, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease and multiple sclerosis, with the ratio of male to female prevalence as well as the severity of the disease differing significantly between the two sexes. This observation has recently garnered much attention and it is now being realized that understanding the sex as a biological variable in the etiology of the neurodegenerative diseases may advance the status of the pathophysiology and treatment strategies while improving the associated decline in cognitive and functional abilities. This review highlights the influence of gender in neurodegenerative disorders and further discusses the sex-specific pre-determined microenvironments that are critical in predisposing the individuals to such disorders.
AB - The impact of neurodegenerative disorders in humans has multiple consequences because of the progressive decline in cognitive and physical performances. These disorders have diverse manifestations and are influenced by genetic and lifestyle factors, concurrent health conditions as well as un-modifiable predisposing risk factors, including gender and advanced age. Accumulating evidence indicates a gender-dependent natural bias of neurodegenerative diseases, such as, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease and multiple sclerosis, with the ratio of male to female prevalence as well as the severity of the disease differing significantly between the two sexes. This observation has recently garnered much attention and it is now being realized that understanding the sex as a biological variable in the etiology of the neurodegenerative diseases may advance the status of the pathophysiology and treatment strategies while improving the associated decline in cognitive and functional abilities. This review highlights the influence of gender in neurodegenerative disorders and further discusses the sex-specific pre-determined microenvironments that are critical in predisposing the individuals to such disorders.
KW - Alzheimer's disease
KW - Cognitive impairment
KW - Gender bias
KW - Huntington's disease
KW - Multiple sclerosis
KW - Neurodegenerative disorders
KW - Parkinson's disease
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85064871957&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.04.003
DO - 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.04.003
M3 - Review article
C2 - 30959072
AN - SCOPUS:85064871957
SN - 0149-7634
VL - 102
SP - 95
EP - 105
JO - Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
JF - Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
ER -