From Bicycles to Motorbikes: Developing a Culturally Responsive Climate Change Education Model in Southeast Asia

Climate change education (CCE) frameworks often neglect regional contexts and local knowledge systems. This study explores how participatory co-creation can develop culturally responsive CCE frameworks for Southeast Asia (SEA), adapting the Bicycle Model to address its Western-centric limitations. Using qualitative methods, we engaged 50 sustainability stakeholders (researchers, students, practitioners) across eight SEA nations in Climate Fresk workshops, focus groups, and consultations. Findings reveal three key adaptations for effective CCE in SEA: (1) kickstand mechanisms (emotional/cognitive processing tools), (2) suspension systems (bridging diverse knowledge traditions and political sensitivities), and (3) knowledge storage (linking awareness to local solutions). While the Bicycle Model prioritizes knowledge ("wheels") and action ("pedals"), our proposed Motorbike Model integrates these contextual elements to address SEA’s socio-ecological realities. The model advances SDG 4.7 by demonstrating how global frameworks can be locally adapted through participatory methods, offering educators practical strategies to foster climate literacy and action in diverse settings.