Fast discretized Gaussian sampling and post-quantum TLS ciphersuite

LWE/RLWE-based cryptosystems require sampling error term from discrete Gaussian distribution. However, some existing samplers are somehow slow under certain circumstances therefore efficiency of such schemes is restricted. In this paper, we introduce a more efficient discretized Gaussian sampler based on ziggurat sampling algorithm. We also analyze statistical quality of our sampler to prove that it can be adopted in LWE/RLWE-based cryptosystems. Compared with ziggurat-based sampler by Buchmann et al. related samplers by Peikert, Ducas et al. and Knuth-Yao, our sampler achieves more than 2x speedup when standard deviation is large. This can benefit constructions rely on noise flooding (e.g., homomorphic encryption). We also present two applications: First, we use our sampler to optimize the RLWE-based authenticated key exchange (AKE) protocol by Zhang et al. We achieve 1.14x speedup on total runtime of this protocol over major parameter choices. Second, we give practical post-quantum Transport Layer Security (TLS) ciphersuite. Our ciphersuite inherits advantages from TLS and the optimized AKE protocol. Performance of our proof-of-concept implementation is close to TLS v1.2 ciphersuites and one post-quantum TLS construction.