TY - GEN
T1 - Expanding Targets in Virtual Reality Environments
T2 - 2023 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Adjunct, ISMAR-Adjunct 2023
AU - Shi, Rongkai
AU - Wei, Yushi
AU - Li, Yue
AU - Yu, Lingyun
AU - Liang, Hai Ning
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 IEEE.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Target pointing selection is a fundamental task. According to Fitts' law, users need more time to select targets with smaller sizes. Expanding the target to a larger size is a practical approach that can facilitate pointing selection. It has been well-examined and -deployed in 2D user interfaces. However, limited research has investigated target expansion methods using an immersive virtual reality (VR) head-mounted display (HMD). In this work, we aimed to fill this gap by conducting a user study using ISO 9241-411 multi-directional pointing task to examine the effect of target expansion on target selection performance in VR HMD. Based on our results, we found that compared to not expanding the target, expanding the target width by 1.5 and 2.5 times during the movement can significantly reduce the selection time. We hope that the design and results derived from the study can help frame future work.
AB - Target pointing selection is a fundamental task. According to Fitts' law, users need more time to select targets with smaller sizes. Expanding the target to a larger size is a practical approach that can facilitate pointing selection. It has been well-examined and -deployed in 2D user interfaces. However, limited research has investigated target expansion methods using an immersive virtual reality (VR) head-mounted display (HMD). In this work, we aimed to fill this gap by conducting a user study using ISO 9241-411 multi-directional pointing task to examine the effect of target expansion on target selection performance in VR HMD. Based on our results, we found that compared to not expanding the target, expanding the target width by 1.5 and 2.5 times during the movement can significantly reduce the selection time. We hope that the design and results derived from the study can help frame future work.
KW - Empirical studies in HCI
KW - Human computer interaction (HCI)
KW - Human-centered computing
KW - Interaction paradigms
KW - Virtual reality
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85180365564&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/ISMAR-Adjunct60411.2023.00132
DO - 10.1109/ISMAR-Adjunct60411.2023.00132
M3 - Conference Proceeding
AN - SCOPUS:85180365564
T3 - Proceedings - 2023 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Adjunct, ISMAR-Adjunct 2023
SP - 615
EP - 618
BT - Proceedings - 2023 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Adjunct, ISMAR-Adjunct 2023
A2 - Bruder, Gerd
A2 - Olivier, Anne-Helene
A2 - Cunningham, Andrew
A2 - Peng, Evan Yifan
A2 - Grubert, Jens
A2 - Williams, Ian
PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Y2 - 16 October 2023 through 20 October 2023
ER -