An Agent-based Simulation Modeling for Studying Resource Management in the Clouds; https://github.com/sys-connect/sunny/tree/main: A Cloud Simulator

Driven by the successful service model and growing demand, cloud computing has evolved from a moderate-sized data center consisting of homogeneous resources to a heterogeneous hyper-scale computing ecosystem. This evolution has made the modern cloud environment increasingly complex. Large-scale empirical stud- ies of essential concepts such as resource allocation, virtual machine migration, and operational cost reduction have typically been conducted using simulations. This paper presents an agent-based cloud simulation model for resource man- agement. The focus is on how service placement strategies, service migration, and server consolidation affect the overall performance of homogeneous and het- erogeneous clouds, in terms of energy consumption, resource utilization, and violation of service-level agreements. The main cloud elements are modeled as autonomous agents whose properties are encapsulated. The complex relationships between components are realized through asynchronous agent-to-agent interac- tions. Operating states and statistics are displayed in real-time. In the evaluation, the efficiency of the simulator is studied empirically. The performance of various resource management algorithms is assessed using statistical methods, and the accuracy of server energy consumption models is also examined. The results show that agent-based models can accurately reflect cloud status at a fine-grained level.