A data synthesis on air–water exchange flux of plasticizers of phthalates and organophosphates in surface water

Microplastic pollution has become an emerging environmental issue in the past decades. Plasticizers are organic compounds applied during the manufacturing process and are of particular interests to researchers. Phthalate esters (PAEs) and organophosphate esters (OPEs) are two common types of plasticizers that have been found to be prevalent in water and the atmosphere. Investigating their air–water exchange process is crucial for understanding their sources and fate as pollutants. This study employs a systematic review and data synthesis to evaluate the air–water exchange and dry deposition flux of PAEs and OPEs on a global scale, aiming to identify the factors influencing their exchange process. Results showed that the air–water exchange and dry deposition flux vary among different types of plasticizers, and climatic conditions may also have impact on the air–water exchange flux. Future research is needed to explore more mechanisms related to the influencing factors. Practitioner Points: The study presents a data synthesis of air–water exchange and dry deposition flux of plasticizers. Results indicate the sources and sinks of plasticizers on surface water, which helps to understand the consequence of plastic pollution. The air–water exchange and dry deposition flux of PAEs and OPEs vary due to different chemical properties and climatic conditions. Further research is needed to better understand the influencing factors of this process.