TY - JOUR
T1 - The Toxicity of Mercury and Its Chemical Compounds
T2 - Molecular Mechanisms and Environmental and Human Health Implications: A Comprehensive Review
AU - Wu, Yuan Seng
AU - Osman, Ahmed I.
AU - Hosny, Mohamed
AU - Elgarahy, Ahmed M.
AU - Eltaweil, Abdelazeem S.
AU - Rooney, David W.
AU - Chen, Zhonghao
AU - Rahim, Nur Syafiqah
AU - Sekar, Mahendran
AU - Gopinath, Subash C.B.
AU - Mat Rani, Nur Najihah Izzati
AU - Batumalaie, Kalaivani
AU - Yap, Pow Seng
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.
PY - 2024/2/6
Y1 - 2024/2/6
N2 - Mercury is a type of hazardous and toxic pollutant that can result in detrimental effects on the environment and human health. This review is aimed at discussing the state-of-the-art progress on the recent developments on the toxicity of mercury and its chemical compounds. More than 210 recent works of literature are covered in this review. It first delineates the types (covering elemental mercury, inorganic mercury compounds, organic mercury compounds), structures, and sources of mercury. It then discusses the pharmacokinetic profile of mercury, molecular mechanisms of mercury toxicity, and clinical manifestation of acute and chronic mercury toxicity to public health. It also elucidates the mercury toxicity to the environment and human health in detail, covering ecotoxicity, neurotoxicity diseases, neurological diseases, genotoxicity and gene regulation, immunogenicity, pregnancy and reproductive system damage, cancer promotion, cardiotoxicity, pulmonary diseases, and renal disease. In order to mitigate the adverse effects of mercury, strategies to overcome mercury toxicity are recommended. Finally, some future perspectives are provided in order to advance this field of research in the future.
AB - Mercury is a type of hazardous and toxic pollutant that can result in detrimental effects on the environment and human health. This review is aimed at discussing the state-of-the-art progress on the recent developments on the toxicity of mercury and its chemical compounds. More than 210 recent works of literature are covered in this review. It first delineates the types (covering elemental mercury, inorganic mercury compounds, organic mercury compounds), structures, and sources of mercury. It then discusses the pharmacokinetic profile of mercury, molecular mechanisms of mercury toxicity, and clinical manifestation of acute and chronic mercury toxicity to public health. It also elucidates the mercury toxicity to the environment and human health in detail, covering ecotoxicity, neurotoxicity diseases, neurological diseases, genotoxicity and gene regulation, immunogenicity, pregnancy and reproductive system damage, cancer promotion, cardiotoxicity, pulmonary diseases, and renal disease. In order to mitigate the adverse effects of mercury, strategies to overcome mercury toxicity are recommended. Finally, some future perspectives are provided in order to advance this field of research in the future.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85184776440&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acsomega.3c07047
DO - 10.1021/acsomega.3c07047
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85184776440
SN - 2470-1343
VL - 9
SP - 5100
EP - 5126
JO - ACS Omega
JF - ACS Omega
IS - 5
ER -
