Epigenetic Modifications by Estrogen and Androgen in Alzheimer’s Disease

Rajnish Kumar*, Faiza Fatima, Garima Yadav, Simran Singh, Subhagata Haldar, Athanasios Alexiou, Ghulam Md Ashraf

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

4 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

For the development and maintenance of neuron networks in the brain, epigenetic mechanisms are necessary, as indicated by recent findings. This includes some of the high-order brain pro-cesses, such as behavior and cognitive functions. Epigenetic mechanisms could influence the pathophysiology or etiology of some neuronal diseases, altering disease susceptibility and therapy respons-es. Recent studies support epigenetic dysfunctions in neurodegenerative and psychiatric conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). These dysfunctions in epigenetic mechanisms also play crucial roles in the transgenerational effects of the environment on the brain and subsequently in the inher-itance of pathologies. The possible role of gonadal steroids in the etiology and progression of neuro-degenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, has become the subject of a growing body of research over the last 20 years. Recent scientific findings suggest that epigenetic changes, driven by estrogen and androgens, play a vital role in brain functioning. Therefore, exploring the role of estrogen and androgen-based epigenetic changes in the brain is critical for the deeper understanding of AD. This review highlights the epigenetic modifications caused by these two gonadal steroids and the possible therapeutic strategies for AD.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)6-17
Number of pages12
JournalCNS and Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets
Volume22
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Jan 2023
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Alzheimer's disease
  • androgen
  • brain
  • epigenetic modifications
  • estrogen
  • neuronal diseases

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