TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of Zn2+-Zr4+ co-substitution on structural, magnetic and dielectric properties of Ba0.5Ca0.5ZnxZrxFe12−2xO19 hexaferrite
AU - Godara, Sachin Kumar
AU - Meena, Sher Singh
AU - Jasrotia, Rohit
AU - Prakash, Jyoti
AU - Verma, Ankit
AU - Singh, Ranjit
AU - Srivastava, A. K.
AU - Singh, Mandeep
AU - Maji, Pradip K.
AU - Jain, Ankit
AU - Sood, Ashwani Kumar
AU - Ahmed, Jahangeer
AU - Alshehri, Saad M.
AU - Mehtab, Amir
AU - Ahmad, Tokeer
AU - Hossain, Aslam
AU - Kandwal, Abhishek
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2023/5
Y1 - 2023/5
N2 - In present study, M-type hexaferrite, Ba0.5Ca0.5ZnxZrxFe12−2xO19 (x = 0.00–1.00 with increment of 0.2 per step) were fabricated by the conventional sol-gel technique. The powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) patterns certified the exchange of Fe3+ ions by Zn2+-Zr4+ ions. Both the lattice parameters ‘a’ and ‘c’ have raised from 5.885 (x = 0.00) to 5.926 Å (x = 1.0), and from 23.091 (x = 0.00) to 23.455 Å (x = 1.00), respectively. FESEM micrographs display a slight drop in the size of grains with doping. The maximum saturation magnetization (MS ≈73.31 emu/g) was detected for x = 0.2 configuration, that is larger than observed value of MS of 72.0 emu/g for pure barium hexaferrite material. The value of coercivity (HC) declines significantly from 2151 to 161 Oe with the increase of Zn2+-Zr4+ doping. Mössbauer spectra have been recorded to determine the preferential site occupancy by Zn2+-Zr4+ dopant ions and also the ionic state of Fe-ions. A Mössbauer spectrum shows a doublet and five sextets. All components are in a high spin state as a result of the Fe3+ ions. The magnetically hard material is converted into a magnetically soft one with the incorporation of Zn2+-Zr4+ dopants. The decreasing trend in Ms is also verified by the Mössbauer results. With Zn2+-Zr4+ co-substitution, the average values of hyperfine field (Hf) decrease from 46.5 (x = 0.0) to 36.9 T (x = 1.0), whereas the comparative size of paramagnetic doublet is increased from 0.5 (x = 0.00) to 12.6% (x = 1.00). These samples have superior saturation magnetization (45.42–71.50 emu/g) and coercivity (161–2151 Oe) with substitution, which can be vital for both low- and high-density magnetic recording media applications. From the dielectric measurements of Ba0.5Ca0.5ZnxZrxFe12−2xO19 (x = 0.0–1.0) hexaferrites, it was observed that the dielectric constant was improved as the Zn2+-Zr4+ co-substitution increased up to x = 0.80. After that, it started to go down for x = 0.20. In addition, the dielectric study suggests dielectric loss (tan δ) capability within the prepared hexaferrites which makes them also suitable for the EMI shielding application.
AB - In present study, M-type hexaferrite, Ba0.5Ca0.5ZnxZrxFe12−2xO19 (x = 0.00–1.00 with increment of 0.2 per step) were fabricated by the conventional sol-gel technique. The powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) patterns certified the exchange of Fe3+ ions by Zn2+-Zr4+ ions. Both the lattice parameters ‘a’ and ‘c’ have raised from 5.885 (x = 0.00) to 5.926 Å (x = 1.0), and from 23.091 (x = 0.00) to 23.455 Å (x = 1.00), respectively. FESEM micrographs display a slight drop in the size of grains with doping. The maximum saturation magnetization (MS ≈73.31 emu/g) was detected for x = 0.2 configuration, that is larger than observed value of MS of 72.0 emu/g for pure barium hexaferrite material. The value of coercivity (HC) declines significantly from 2151 to 161 Oe with the increase of Zn2+-Zr4+ doping. Mössbauer spectra have been recorded to determine the preferential site occupancy by Zn2+-Zr4+ dopant ions and also the ionic state of Fe-ions. A Mössbauer spectrum shows a doublet and five sextets. All components are in a high spin state as a result of the Fe3+ ions. The magnetically hard material is converted into a magnetically soft one with the incorporation of Zn2+-Zr4+ dopants. The decreasing trend in Ms is also verified by the Mössbauer results. With Zn2+-Zr4+ co-substitution, the average values of hyperfine field (Hf) decrease from 46.5 (x = 0.0) to 36.9 T (x = 1.0), whereas the comparative size of paramagnetic doublet is increased from 0.5 (x = 0.00) to 12.6% (x = 1.00). These samples have superior saturation magnetization (45.42–71.50 emu/g) and coercivity (161–2151 Oe) with substitution, which can be vital for both low- and high-density magnetic recording media applications. From the dielectric measurements of Ba0.5Ca0.5ZnxZrxFe12−2xO19 (x = 0.0–1.0) hexaferrites, it was observed that the dielectric constant was improved as the Zn2+-Zr4+ co-substitution increased up to x = 0.80. After that, it started to go down for x = 0.20. In addition, the dielectric study suggests dielectric loss (tan δ) capability within the prepared hexaferrites which makes them also suitable for the EMI shielding application.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85160013145&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s10854-023-10577-6
DO - 10.1007/s10854-023-10577-6
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85160013145
SN - 0957-4522
VL - 34
JO - Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics
JF - Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics
IS - 15
M1 - 1195
ER -