@article{64cb6d931a1649f4985f32e61fcdcd63,
title = "Drosophila hemolectin gene is expressed in embryonic and larval hemocytes and its knock down causes bleeding defects",
abstract = "We have previously identified and characterized Drosophila hemolectin (Hml) in the conditioned medium of a Drosophila cell line. The deduced amino acids sequence contains a number of domains conserved in human von Willebrand factor, coagulation factor V/VIII, and complement factors. To characterize Hml localization and function, we have established two transgenic lines (hml-GAL4 and UAS-hmlRNAi). By crossing hml-GAL4 with UAS-eGFP, we observed that Hml is specifically expressed in embryonic and in larval hemocytes. We determined that Hml is expressed in a subpopulation of plasmatocytes and crystal cells but not in lamellocytes. hml RNAi larvae are viable and do not display obvious developmental defects under normal conditions. However, they show a bleeding defect upon injury. We confirmed that the failure to seal a wound is not due to a defect in melanin production or in phenoloxidase activity. The expression of amtimicrobial peptides was not significantly affected on hml RNAi adults. Altogether, our data strongly suggest that Hml is involved in hemostasis and/or coagulation in Drosophila larvae.",
keywords = "Cellular response, Hemocyte, Hemostasis, Innate immunity, RNA interference, Von Willebrand factor",
author = "Akira Goto and Tatsuhiko Kadowaki and Yasuo Kitagawa",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Drs. Y. Nishida and H. Sugiyama (Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University) for their technical instructions, Drs. L.I. Fessler and J.H. Fessler (University of California at Los Angeles) and Dr. H.M. M{\"u}ller (EMBL, Heidelberg) for the anti-peroxidasin antiserum and the anti-proPO antibody, Dr. Shigeo Hayashi (National Institute of Genetics, Japan) for UAS-gfpnlacZ, UAS-gfp[S65T]/CyO., and Drs. Teruyuki Niimi and Yuko Ishida (Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University) for their instruction of transgenic fly generation. This work was supported by a Grant-in-aid for Scientific Research (09460048 and 11460154) from the Ministry of Education, Science, Culture and Sports of Japan awarded to Y.K. Additional experiments of this work were done in the laboratories of Dr. Jules A. Hoffmann (Institut de Biologie Mol{\'e}culaire et Cellulaire, CNRS) with the help of Dr. Jean-Marc Reichhart, Dr. Marie Meister, Dr. Bernard Duvic, and Nad{\`e}ge Pelte. The major part of this work was done at the Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University and is included in the Ph.D. thesis by A.G. to fulfill his degree awarded from Nagoya University. The lest part was carried out at UPR 9022 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Mol{\'e}culaire et Cellulaire with the help of Dr. Jean-Marc Reichhart in general discussion of the work, Dr. Marie Meister in the analysis of Hml expression in larval hemocytes (Fig. 3) and the proof reading of the manuscript, and Dr. Bernard Duvic and Nad{\`e}ge Pelte in the measurement of phenoloxidase activity in adult flies (Fig. 4).",
year = "2003",
month = dec,
day = "15",
doi = "10.1016/j.ydbio.2003.06.001",
language = "English",
volume = "264",
pages = "582--591",
journal = "Developmental Biology",
issn = "0012-1606",
number = "2",
}