TY - JOUR
T1 - Designing Highly Sensitive Microwave Antenna Sensor with Novel Model for Noninvasive Glucose Measurements
AU - Kandwal, Abhishek
AU - Liu, Louis W.Y.
AU - Li, Jingzhen
AU - Liu, Yuhang
AU - Tang, Huajie
AU - Ju, Ziheng
AU - Igbe, Tobore
AU - Jasrotia, Rohit
AU - Nie, Zedong
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - —The concentration induced permittivity change involves a dispersion which occurs at the resonant frequency and is often not predictable by simulation using the traditional Cole-Cole model. To overcome this problem, a new Lorentz’s model is proposed as a substitute for the Cole-Cole model. Under this new model, the glucose concentration is expected to be measured at the contact interface in the form of a resonant frequency shift. With the help of the model, a contact-based meander-line antenna sensor (CMS) is realized with a high sensitivity of 1.3158 dB/(mmol/L) in terms of d|S11 |/dC, or of 17 ∼ 18 MHz/(mmol/L) in terms of dω/dC. The model has been experimentally validated with in-vitro measurements and for proof-of-concept with in-vivo clinical investigations in the microwave frequency. Consistent with the predictions of model, a linear correlation is observed not only between the resonant frequency shift and the glucose concentration, but also between the S-parameters magnitude and glucose concentration.
AB - —The concentration induced permittivity change involves a dispersion which occurs at the resonant frequency and is often not predictable by simulation using the traditional Cole-Cole model. To overcome this problem, a new Lorentz’s model is proposed as a substitute for the Cole-Cole model. Under this new model, the glucose concentration is expected to be measured at the contact interface in the form of a resonant frequency shift. With the help of the model, a contact-based meander-line antenna sensor (CMS) is realized with a high sensitivity of 1.3158 dB/(mmol/L) in terms of d|S11 |/dC, or of 17 ∼ 18 MHz/(mmol/L) in terms of dω/dC. The model has been experimentally validated with in-vitro measurements and for proof-of-concept with in-vivo clinical investigations in the microwave frequency. Consistent with the predictions of model, a linear correlation is observed not only between the resonant frequency shift and the glucose concentration, but also between the S-parameters magnitude and glucose concentration.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85150249306&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2528/PIER22113002
DO - 10.2528/PIER22113002
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85150249306
SN - 1070-4698
VL - 176
SP - 129
EP - 141
JO - Progress in Electromagnetics Research
JF - Progress in Electromagnetics Research
ER -