Advances in microneedles-based drug delivery system on promoting wound healing

The most popular methods for applying drugs transdermally are transdermal patches, topical creams, and injectable hypodermic needles. Most therapeutic treatments are less effective because fewer molecules reach the site of action due to the skin's stratum corneum acting as a barrier for the molecules. Microneedles, a novel method of drug delivery, assists in improving this route of administration by avoiding the drawbacks of previous formulations. Microneedle offers benefits in the treatment aspects via noninvasive, painless administration, which is advantageous due to increased patient compliance compared to the other transdermal mode of administration. The significance of the microneedle array mainly targets the skin epidermal layer to provide direct transfer of medication into the bloodstream without the intervention of a barrier. In this review, wound healing is one of the challenging aspects for treatment purposes. The wounded region of the skin increases the secretion of several inflammatory mediators, and in the presence of bacterial contaminants, it inhibits the healing mechanism. The bacterial film over the wounded region blocks the entry of active drugs into the wounded bed, where microneedle offers a significant effect over other conventional techniques. Microneedles are fabricated into different types: solid, dissolving, hydrogel, coated, and hollow. The basic composition and fabricated procedures of microneedles vary depending on their use. Various microneedle patches are manufactured in wound healing strategies, and researchers closely monitor and examine their effects. This review provides a brief overview of how microneedle can be used as an alternate treatment approach to improve and enhance the existing healing mechanism of wounds of various types.