A Prospective Viewpoint on Neurological Diseases and Their Biomarkers

Mehrukh Zehravi*, Janisa Kabir, Rokeya Akter, Sumira Malik, Ghulam Md Ashraf, Priti Tagde, Sarker Ramproshad, Banani Mondal, Md Habibur Rahman*, Aurel George Mohan, Simona Cavalu*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

14 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are disorders that affect both the central and pe-ripheral nervous systems. To name a few causes, NDDs can be caused by ischemia, oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cell stress, inflammation, abnormal protein deposition in neural tis-sue, autoimmune-mediated neuron loss, and viral or prion infections. These conditions include Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Lewy body dementia (LBD), and Parkinson’s disease (PD). The formation of β-sheet-rich aggregates of intra-or extracellular proteins in the CNS hallmarks all neurodegen-erative proteinopathies. In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), numerous organs, including the central nervous system (CNS), are affected. However, the inflammatory process is linked to several neurodegenerative pathways that are linked to depression because of NDDs. Pro-inflammatory signals activated by aging may increase vulnerability to neuropsychiatric disorders. Viruses may increase macrophages and CCR5+ T cells within the CNS during dementia formation and progression. Unlike medical symptoms, which are just signs of a patient’s health as expressed and perceived, biomarkers are reproducible and quantitative. Therefore, this current review will highlight and summarize the neurological disorders and their biomarkers.

Original languageEnglish
Article number3516
JournalMolecules
Volume27
Issue number11
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Jun 2022
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • biomarkers
  • neuroinflammation
  • neurological disorder
  • proteinopathies

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