TY - JOUR
T1 - Study of water Cherenkov detector designs for the SWGO experiment
AU - SWGO Collaboration
AU - Bisconti, Francesca
AU - Chiavassa, Andrea
AU - Abreu, P.
AU - Albert, A.
AU - Angüner, E. O.
AU - Arcaro, C.
AU - Arnaldi, L. H.
AU - Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C.
AU - Assis, P.
AU - Bakalová, A.
AU - de Almeida, U. Barres
AU - Batković, I.
AU - Bellido, J.
AU - Belmont-Moreno, E.
AU - Blanco, A.
AU - Bohacova, M.
AU - Bottacini, E.
AU - Bretz, T.
AU - Brisbois, C.
AU - Brogueira, P.
AU - Brown, A. M.
AU - Bulik, T.
AU - Mora, K. S.Caballero
AU - Campos, S. M.
AU - Chytka, L.
AU - Conceição, R.
AU - Consolati, G.
AU - Paleta, J. Cotzomi
AU - Dasso, S.
AU - De Angelis, A.
AU - De Bom, C. R.
AU - de la Fuente, E.
AU - de Souza, V.
AU - Depaoli, D.
AU - Di Sciascio, G.
AU - Dib, C. O.
AU - Dorner, D.
AU - Doro, M.
AU - Du Vernois, M.
AU - Ergin, T.
AU - Fan, K. L.
AU - Fraija, N.
AU - Funk, S.
AU - García, J. I.
AU - García-González, J. A.
AU - Roca, S. T.García
AU - Giacinti, G.
AU - Goksu, H.
AU - Moraes, A. Marques
AU - Wang, X.
N1 - Funding Information:
The SWGO Collaboration acknowledges the support from the agencies and organizations listed here: https://www.swgo.org/SWGOWiki/doku.php?id=acknowledgements.
Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.
PY - 2022/3/18
Y1 - 2022/3/18
N2 - The Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO) is a next-generation ground-based gamma-ray detector under development to reach a full sky coverage together with the current HAWC and LHAASO experiments in the northern hemisphere. It will complement the observation of transient and variable multi-wavelength and multi-messenger phenomena, offering moreover the possibility to access the Galactic Centre. One of the possible SWGO configurations consists of an array of water Cherenkov tanks, with a high fill-factor inner array and a low-density outer array, covering an overall area of one order of magnitude larger than HAWC. To reach a high detection efficiency and discrimination capability between gamma-ray and hadronic air showers, various tank designs were studied. Double-layer tanks with several sizes, shapes and number of photomultiplier tubes have been considered. Single-particle simulations have been performed to study the tank response, using muons, electrons, and gamma-rays with energies typical of extensive air showers particles, entering the tanks with zenith angles from 0 to 60 degrees. The tank response was evaluated considering the particle detection efficiency, the number of photoelectrons produced by the photomultiplier tubes, and the time resolution of the measurement of the first photon. The study allowed to compare the performance of tanks with circular and square base, to understand which design optimizes the performance of the array. The method used in the study and the results will be discussed in this paper.
AB - The Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO) is a next-generation ground-based gamma-ray detector under development to reach a full sky coverage together with the current HAWC and LHAASO experiments in the northern hemisphere. It will complement the observation of transient and variable multi-wavelength and multi-messenger phenomena, offering moreover the possibility to access the Galactic Centre. One of the possible SWGO configurations consists of an array of water Cherenkov tanks, with a high fill-factor inner array and a low-density outer array, covering an overall area of one order of magnitude larger than HAWC. To reach a high detection efficiency and discrimination capability between gamma-ray and hadronic air showers, various tank designs were studied. Double-layer tanks with several sizes, shapes and number of photomultiplier tubes have been considered. Single-particle simulations have been performed to study the tank response, using muons, electrons, and gamma-rays with energies typical of extensive air showers particles, entering the tanks with zenith angles from 0 to 60 degrees. The tank response was evaluated considering the particle detection efficiency, the number of photoelectrons produced by the photomultiplier tubes, and the time resolution of the measurement of the first photon. The study allowed to compare the performance of tanks with circular and square base, to understand which design optimizes the performance of the array. The method used in the study and the results will be discussed in this paper.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85145439842
M3 - Conference article
AN - SCOPUS:85145439842
SN - 1824-8039
VL - 395
JO - Proceedings of Science
JF - Proceedings of Science
M1 - 895
T2 - 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021
Y2 - 12 July 2021 through 23 July 2021
ER -