Prediction of pore water pressure and seabed liquefaction around twin piles using WSSI model under wave condition

Designing safe offshore structures in ocean engineering requires addressing the dynamic seabed
response caused by wave structure interactions, and various wave and soil parameters can also
have an impact on the stability of offshore structures. Hence, this study employs an integrated
three-dimensional WSSI model to investigate pore water pressure and seabed liquefaction around
twin piles with varying wave and soil parameters. Numerical simulation results indicate that higher
wave heights and longer wave periods can induce greater pore water pressures and liquefaction
depths at the center of twin piles. Furthermore, under positive wave pressure, the pore water
pressure at the center of the twin piles increases with rising soil saturation and permeability.
Conversely, when the twin piles are subjected to negative wave pressure, the liquefaction depth
around the upstream pile decreases with increasing saturation and permeability