Electric vehicle adoption and Malaysia's energy grid: A demand-supply forecast

As part of the National Energy Transition Roadmap (NETR) and National Energy Policies (NEP), Malaysia is shifting towards green mobility such as electric vehicles (EVs) to account for the worsening environmental issues and the increasing energy demand of transportation sector. This results in a greater electricity and energy demand to satisfy charging requirements, which increases the burden on the national energy grid. This study is significant to investigate the energy and electricity structure of the country and EV trends to discuss if the energy demand can be satisfied in upcoming years by investigating the challenges of energy consumption with regards to the adoption of EVs. Followed by forecasting on sales of EVs to calculate charging consumption for estimating the demand on energy and electricity consumption. Forecast on the energy and electricity supply predicts if the country will be in risk of an energy and electricity crisis. The forecasted result suggests that energy supply of Malaysia can respond to the increase in overall energy consumption with annual surplus of 351,257 GWh which represents 26% of the total energy supplied as forecasted in year 2032. However, the forecasted electricity structure suggests the possibility of an electricity shortage crisis as the electricity consumption will be greater than the amount of electricity generation as soon as in year 2032 with annual deficit of 602 GWh which represents 0.027% of the forecast. This is mainly due to the adoption of EVs and deployment of charging stations.