Advances in smart cities with system integration and energy digitalization technologies: A state-of-the-art review

Smart cities have become focal points in promoting sustainable urban development, while the integration of technological advancements with urban energy systems remains underexplored. This paper aims to bridge this gap by providing a systematic review of the latest advancements in smart cities, focusing on system integration and energy digitalization to enhance energy efficiency and sustainability. It reviews advancements in system integration and energy digitalization in smart cities, highlighting their impact on energy efficiency, carbon reduction, and intelligent energy systems. It explores passive building technologies, renewable energy integration, and energy storage, as well as the role of digital technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI), in optimizing building energy management and enabling sustainable communities. By emphasizing the significance of integrated energy management systems and future trends toward multisystem integration and big data applications, this paper provides insights into achieving high-efficiency, low-carbon urban environments. This discussion highlights the critical role of technological innovations and digitalization in driving the transition to sustainable and intelligent urban energy systems, thus contributing to smart city development.