A Compact Planar Luneburg Lens Antenna Using Two-Step Transformation Optics

Silin He; Zhao Wang; Pengjian Gong; Yi Huang

A Compact Planar Luneburg Lens Antenna Using Two-Step Transformation Optics

Silin He
, Zhao Wang
, Pengjian Gong
, Yi Huang

Sichuan University
University of Liverpool

Research output: Chapter in Book or Report/Conference proceeding › Conference Proceeding › peer-review

Abstract

A novel two-step transformation optics (TO) planar Luneburg lens (LL) antenna is proposed and experimentally verified. The lens design applies a two-step coordinate transformation that compresses the original spherical geometry into a flat form, avoiding abnormal dielectric constant compensation values at boundaries in prior literature while maintaining excellent focusing and beam steering performance. Implemented on a Rogers RO4350B substrate using standard PCB fabrication, the lens employs two types of subwavelength unit cells to achieve a relative permittivity (εr) range of 2. 1−6. Measurements show that the antenna exhibits stable impedance matching, a gain of 11.39 dBi at 10 GHz, and an aperture efficiency of 82.4%. The proposed design demonstrates a beam-scanning coverage of ±26∘ with minimal gain degradation, offering a practical solution for compact high-gain microwave systems.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2026 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)
Publisher	IEEE Press
ISBN (Electronic)	979-8-3315-7303-4
ISBN (Print)	979-8-3315-7304-1
Publication status	Published - Mar 2026

Publication series

Name
ISSN (Print)	2770-4262
ISSN (Electronic)	2770-4254

Cite this

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title = "A Compact Planar Luneburg Lens Antenna Using Two-Step Transformation Optics",

abstract = "A novel two-step transformation optics (TO) planar Luneburg lens (LL) antenna is proposed and experimentally verified. The lens design applies a two-step coordinate transformation that compresses the original spherical geometry into a flat form, avoiding abnormal dielectric constant compensation values at boundaries in prior literature while maintaining excellent focusing and beam steering performance. Implemented on a Rogers RO4350B substrate using standard PCB fabrication, the lens employs two types of subwavelength unit cells to achieve a relative permittivity (εr) range of 2. 1−6. Measurements show that the antenna exhibits stable impedance matching, a gain of 11.39 dBi at 10 GHz, and an aperture efficiency of 82.4\%. The proposed design demonstrates a beam-scanning coverage of ±26∘ with minimal gain degradation, offering a practical solution for compact high-gain microwave systems.",

author = "Silin He and Zhao Wang and Pengjian Gong and Yi Huang",

year = "2026",

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T1 - A Compact Planar Luneburg Lens Antenna Using Two-Step Transformation Optics

AU - He, Silin

AU - Wang, Zhao

AU - Gong, Pengjian

AU - Huang, Yi

PY - 2026/3

Y1 - 2026/3

N2 - A novel two-step transformation optics (TO) planar Luneburg lens (LL) antenna is proposed and experimentally verified. The lens design applies a two-step coordinate transformation that compresses the original spherical geometry into a flat form, avoiding abnormal dielectric constant compensation values at boundaries in prior literature while maintaining excellent focusing and beam steering performance. Implemented on a Rogers RO4350B substrate using standard PCB fabrication, the lens employs two types of subwavelength unit cells to achieve a relative permittivity (εr) range of 2. 1−6. Measurements show that the antenna exhibits stable impedance matching, a gain of 11.39 dBi at 10 GHz, and an aperture efficiency of 82.4%. The proposed design demonstrates a beam-scanning coverage of ±26∘ with minimal gain degradation, offering a practical solution for compact high-gain microwave systems.

AB - A novel two-step transformation optics (TO) planar Luneburg lens (LL) antenna is proposed and experimentally verified. The lens design applies a two-step coordinate transformation that compresses the original spherical geometry into a flat form, avoiding abnormal dielectric constant compensation values at boundaries in prior literature while maintaining excellent focusing and beam steering performance. Implemented on a Rogers RO4350B substrate using standard PCB fabrication, the lens employs two types of subwavelength unit cells to achieve a relative permittivity (εr) range of 2. 1−6. Measurements show that the antenna exhibits stable impedance matching, a gain of 11.39 dBi at 10 GHz, and an aperture efficiency of 82.4%. The proposed design demonstrates a beam-scanning coverage of ±26∘ with minimal gain degradation, offering a practical solution for compact high-gain microwave systems.

M3 - Conference Proceeding

SN - 979-8-3315-7304-1

BT - 2026 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)

PB - IEEE Press

ER -