仿真模拟在环件轧制的应用现状与展望

环件轧制技术作为一种高效的精密成形工艺，已广泛应用于航空航天、能源、机械制造等领域。为探究仿真模拟技术在环件轧制领域的应用现状，本文首先回顾环件轧制技术的发展历程，深入探讨环件轧制工艺的分类、应用现状、特点及存在的局限性；其次介绍有限元数值模拟在环件轧制数字化设计中的应用，总结有限元仿真的局限性，分析二次开发在环件轧制有限元模拟中的应用场景：定制高精度本构模型、参数化建模、仿真结果的批量提取、工艺参数优化与辊的轨迹优化；最后介绍集成计算材料工程（Integrated Computational Materials Engineering, ICME）的概念，探讨其在环件轧制工艺数字化设计中的应用，ICME通过内变量唯象模型或物理模型对环件微观组织的变化进行预测和分析，进而与有限元数值模拟耦合，能够实现环件轧制形/性一体化的精准设计。这些研究旨在进一步推动数值模拟技术在环件轧制领域的应用与发展，为高性能环件提供更为坚实的技术支撑。
As an efficient precision forming process, ring rolling technology has been widely used in aerospace, energy, machinery manufacturing, and other fields. To explore the advances of simulation in ring rolling, this study reviews the development of ring rolling technology, discusses classifications, advances, characteristics, and limitations of the ring rolling process; introduces the applications of finite element numerical simulation in the digital design of ring rolling, summarizes the limitations of finite element simulation, analyzes application scenario of secondary development in the finite element simulation of ring rolling: customizing high-precision constitutive models, realizing parametric modeling, extracting high-volume simulation results, optimizing process parameters and optimizing the trajectory of rollers; introduces the concept of Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME) and discusses the advances and prospects in the digital design of the ring rolling process. ICME can predict and analyze the change of the ring microstructure through the internal variable phenomenological model or the physical model, and couples with finite element numerical simulation to realize the accurate design of the ring rolling shape and property integration. These studies aim to promote the precise application and development of numerical simulation technology in ring rolling, and provide more solid technical support for high-performance rings.