Description
Since the Saudi Arabian government announced a new vision “Saudi Arabia 2030” in 2016 (Vision 2030, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2021), both government and private sector have been taking crucial movements for massive Saudi Arabia development. The Ministry of Housing has dealt with one of the Saudi vision's main concepts: providing housing all citizens. Even though there has been governmental financial support, there is still an enormous gap in providing affordable housing solutions to Saudi Arabian citizens, according to a General Authority for Statics (General Authority of Statistic, 2019). Only 51.31% of residents have their own home, which is concrete buildings. Providing affordable housing can lead to the delivery of adequate housing, which will in turn enhance the health of a population, its productivity at work, and its overall socio-economic development (Hulchanski, 1995). The average housing number is globally considered to be 60% to 70% (Bahamam, 2018). Thus, the Saudi construction sector requires fast actions to reach that global percentage. Year after year since the vision appeared to people, many projects’ constructions have been started, especially for families with meagre income and middle income, such as villas, duplex villas, apartments, etc. in addition, an individual's housing quality reflects their identity, cultural values, aspirations, and future expectations, which affect the community, influencing national development (Olufemi, 2018). In this way, affordable housing contributes to an individual's growth and development as well as that of the country. Another fact added recently is that the government has announced plans for a big increase to Riyadh's population to up to 20 million. for those factors, it needs to find a better way to accelerate the construction process. The Saudi Arabian government is taking the initiative to modernise the country and address critical challenges. One of its primary goals is to relieve the housing deficit. One of the challenges in supplying the houses is that potential inhabitants have denied and refused to accept them due to their design failing to meet their demands. Furthermore, the government suffers from providing high-quality housing in line with people's needs because only a few enterprises can meet the client's needs, but only at the price of lengthy planning and building times, in addition to increased construction expenses. For more than four decades, the Saudi Arabian government has been supporting its citizens by giving a loan or building a house for them, in order to make sure everyone has a home. So, a majority of citizens still do not have their own house, due to issues such as the high cost of reinforced concrete buildings, and the cost of land (Alhajri, 2022). Conventional methods used today, cause delays in building construction process. For that reason, it needs to develop a mass customisation framework for affordable housing in Saudi Arabia by using parametric modelling, digital simulation, and client interaction tools.In the past few years, there have been a lot of design applications, plugins, and tools that have been developed, as well as a variety of design methodologies that have been developed. Applications, plugins, and tools that are used in the design process are regularly updated and invented based on the needs of the design process. Autodesk is one of the most popular software development companies in the design and architecture sector, which consists of the AutoCAD family and Revit. In the same way, Rhinoceros (Rhino3D or Rhino) is also a 3D computer graphics and computer-aided design (CAD) application developed by TLM. Grasshopper is another visual scripting language created by Robert McNeel & Associates that can be used with Rhino to write scripts for it. The literature reviews also reveal that there is a variety of design methodologies to be found, and among them is the parametric design methodology. It is for this reason that emerging tools and techniques could be useful tools to find a solution to the problems which the country is experiencing.
The term parametric design is used to describe the process of modifying the design of a product using a computer to adjust the parameters automatically as the value of the parameters is changed and to make corresponding changes to the computer models as well during the design process. Since the 1990s, digital architecture has been on the rise. A new type of architecture was introduced by Frank Gehry in 1990 when they designed the Guggenheim Bilbao with digital technology Mario (Carpo, 2023). During that time, there were a number of limitations which hindered their ability to achieve what they had intended. In the last three decades have passed since that time, there have been many developments in the field of architecture with the help of technological advancements. There are a variety of tools available to architects today such as Computer Aided Design (CAD), Virtual Reality (VR), Building Information Modelling (BIM), Grasshopper scripting and website integration into design by client involvement.
The main aim of the study is to develop a tool for incorporating the user needs and client involvement and achieve a mass customisation framework for affordable housing, this study will discuss the ability to use computation design to speed up the design process. The research presented here addresses how to develop a mass customisation framework for affordable housing by using parametric modelling, digital simulation, and client interaction tools by computational approaches. Besides computational approaches to be employed to build up a framework to represent the design principles in architecture by using a courtyard dwelling type in a modern manner. With the development of the design, more parameters are introduced that describe the dimensions of the object as well as possible physical properties that will be used for its construction, depending on where the designer is taking the design. It is important for designers to apply representations to assist their thinking process when developing a design idea into an architectural construction, as architecture is a complex profession controlled by many regulations (C. A. Brebbia, A. Ali, 2006). Therefore, representations are necessary in order to speed up the conceptualisation methodology. Unlike the creation of a product or a piece of art, models a mass customisation for affordable housing by using parametric modelling, digital simulation, and client interaction tools are excessively sizable to be reproduced on a real scale. As a consequence, mediator devices are a crucial part of the design thinking process when it comes to architectural design and mass customisation.
In addition, this research incorporates a questionnaire survey including 20 interviews with architectural firm practices and comparing it with existing projects in Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, it will review and analyse Islamic courtyard housing principles and how could take them and apply them in a modern way. The current construction process, elevated prices for land, costly construction, and workforce shortage are among the main factors responsible for the housing lack in the country– which is the core of this research (Alhajri and Alshibani, 2018).
| Period | Sept 2024 |
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| Examinee | Abdulwahab Abdulmajeed |
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| Degree of Recognition | International |